List Of Medications That Cause Gout
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What Is The Source Of This Information
This information comes from a research report that was funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, a Federal Government agency.
Researchers looked at 154 research studies on treating gout. The studies were published through March 2016. Health care professionals, researchers, experts, and the public gave feedback on the report before it was published.
Why Ults Can Cause Gout Flares
As the ULT reduces the amount of uric acid in the bloodstream, urate crystals in the joints begin to dissolve.7 When the urate crystals start to dissolve, a gout flare can occur.7
The risk of ULT-related gout flares is highest in the first few months of treatment.36 However, certain medications may help prevent flares in gout patients who are beginning ULT.7
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Treatment: Acute Gout Attack
Acute attacks of gout and long-term treatment of gout and hyperuricemia require different approaches. Treatment usually involves medication. After the first attack, some health care providers advise patients to keep a supply of medicines on hand to take at the first sign of symptoms of a second attack.
Treatments are prescribed for conditions associated with gout, including uric acid nephropathy and uric acid nephrolithiasis.
Supportive measures include applying ice and resting the affected joint.
Many patients do not require medication. Often lifestyle and dietary measures are enough to prevent attacks. Measures include not eating foods high in purines, not drinking alcohol, and maintaining a healthy weight.
Medicines for gout attacks are aimed at relieving pain and reducing inflammation. These include:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
These medicines may be combined to treat a gout attack.
How Do Doctors Diagnose Gout
Joint aspiration
- This is the most important diagnostic test. It is the ultimate method of being certain of a diagnosis of gouty arthritis, as opposed to other causes such as an infection in the joint.
- A needle is inserted into the joint to withdraw a sample of fluid for testing.
- The fluid is examined under a microscope to see if there are gout crystals or signs of a bacterial infection present. Sometimes other crystals can be found in the joint fluid, such as calcium pyrophosphate, which is caused by an entirely different condition called pseudogout .
- Gouty arthritis is sometimes diagnosed based on the typical clinical presentation without a joint aspiration.
Blood tests
- A doctor may obtain a blood sample to look at cell counts, uric acid levels, kidney function, etc.
- Unfortunately, the level of uric acid in the blood cannot be reliably used to make a diagnosis of gout. It is normal in approximately 10% of people during an acute attack of gouty arthritis. Moreover, uric acid levels are elevated in 5%-8% of the general population, so the presence of an elevated level does not necessarily mean that gout is the cause of an inflamed joint. Interestingly, the uric acid is typically lowered during a flare of inflammatory gouty arthritis. Therefore, the optimal time to measure the uric acid is after a flare has resolved when acute inflammation is not present.
Radiographs
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Preventing An Attack During Travel
Travel may increase the risk for gout attacks. Travel not only increases stress but eating and drinking patterns may change. Before traveling, patients should discuss preventive measures with their health care provider. The doctor may prescribe taking a corticosteroid at the first sign of a gout attack. In most cases, this stops the attack.
Causes And Symptoms Of Gout
Uric acid in the body is generated during the metabolism of purine that is obtained from the food. It is flushed out of the body regularly through urine. This means, dysfunction of kidneys , impaired metabolic functions and high purine intake can result in high uric acid levels.
Mushrooms, wheat bran, meat products, fish, legumes like black-eyed peas, white beans, split peas, lentils, red beans, garbanzo beans, vegetables like spinach, cauliflower, asparagus, are some examples of purine rich foods. Those who are diagnosed with gout should avoid foods that cause gout. Excessive consumption of alcohol and caffeine can raise uric acid levels. So, alcoholic or caffeine rich beverages should be avoided by gout sufferers.
Gout mainly affects legs or feet. It generally affects a single joint at a time. Sudden occurrence of pain and swelling in joints at the ankles, knees, wrists, fingers and elbows is the main symptom of gout. Reddened skin at the affected joint, warmth, increased tenderness, restricted movement of the joint and severe pain is experienced during the attack. The person experiences pain for several hours or days. Now, let us take a look at what medication causes gout.
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Known Drugs That Can Cause Hair Loss
Drug induced alopecia, hair loss that develops due to a side effect of medication, will often occur within three months after starting the particular medication, but the exact timeline will depend on a few factors. The type of drug, type of hair loss, dosage, and your sensitivity to the drug are all important factors in how severe the side effects will be.
What Should I Know About Storage And Disposal Of This Medication
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture .
It is important to keep all medication out of sight and reach of children as many containers are not child-resistant and young children can open them easily. To protect young children from poisoning, always lock safety caps and immediately place the medication in a safe location â one that is up and away and out of their sight and reach.
Unneeded medications should be disposed of in special ways to ensure that pets, children, and other people cannot consume them. However, you should not flush this medication down the toilet. Instead, the best way to dispose of your medication is through a medicine take-back program. Talk to your pharmacist or contact your local garbage/recycling department to learn about take-back programs in your community. See the FDA’s Safe Disposal of Medicines website for more information if you do not have access to a take-back program.
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Getting The Most From Your Treatment
- Try to keep your regular appointments with your doctor. This is so your doctor can check on your progress.
- Do not drink grapefruit juice while you are on colchicine. This is because grapefruit juice increases the risk that you will experience side-effects from the colchicine.
- Colchicine tablets are taken in short courses of treatment to relieve the pain of a gout attack. If you have frequent attacks of gout, let your doctor know as they may prescribe another medicine for you to take every day to help prevent the attacks from occurring.
- There are a number of lifestyle changes that you can make to help reduce the risk of having a gout attack. These include losing weight , eating a healthy diet and not drinking much alcohol or sugar-sweetened soft drinks. Your doctor will advise you about the changes which could benefit you.
- Never take more than the prescribed dose. Taking too much colchicine can cause serious problems. If you suspect that someone has taken an overdose of colchicine or has swallowed some by accident, you must contact a doctor straightaway. Alternatively, go to the accident and emergency department of a local hospital. Do not delay. Take the container with you, even if it is empty. This is so the doctor knows what has been taken.
Is This Information Right For Me
This information is right for you if:
- Your health care professional* has said that you have gout.
- You are age 18 or older. This information is from research on adults.
* Your health care professional may include your primary care doctor, nurse practitioner, physician assistant, rheumatologist , orthopedist , or emergency room doctor.
This summary will answer these questions:
- What is gout?
- How is a gout attack treated?
- What have researchers found about medicines to treat a gout attack?
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Signs And Symptoms Of Gout
Any joint can be affected by gout, but it usually affects joints towards the ends of the limbs, such as the toes, ankles, knees and fingers.
Signs and symptoms of gout include:
- severe pain in one or more joints
- the joint feeling hot and very tender
- swelling in and around the affected joint
- red, shiny skin over the affected joint
Symptoms develop rapidly over a few hours and typically last three to 10 days. After this time the pain should pass and the joint should return to normal.
Almost everyone with gout will experience further attacks at some point, usually within a year.
Read more about the complications of gout.
Keep Track Of Your Triggers
Gout triggers differ from person to person. Some people can eat a steak or drink an occasional beer with no problems. Others canât tolerate a bite or a sip without a flare. So you need to learn what yourtriggers are.
Keep a diary of what you eat for a while. That way, you can go back and see whether you can link flares with specific foods. Then youâll know what you really need to avoid.
Along with avoiding triggers, here are other things you can do to stay healthy and prevent flares:
- See your doctor regularly. You may need adjust your dose of gout medication over time.
- Always have medicine on hand for flares. The faster you take it, the sooner you can control the symptoms.
- Eat a heart-healthy diet full of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, low-fat dairy, and plant proteins . Cut down on processed foods .
- Get regular exercise.
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Why Is This Medication Prescribed
Colchicine is used to prevent gout attacks in adults. Colchicine is also used to relieve the pain of gout attacks when they occur. Colchicine is also used to treat familial Mediterranean fever in adults and children 4 years of age and older. Colchicine is not a pain reliever and cannot be used to treat pain that is not caused by gout or FMF. Colchicine is in a class of medications called anti-gout agents. It works by stopping the natural processes that cause swelling and other symptoms of gout and FMF.
What Increases The Risk Of Gout
The exact cause of gout is not known. But, certain things may increase the risk of getting it. You are more likely to have gout if other people in your family have it. Being overweight can also increase the risk of gout.
Some medicines may raise the level of uric acid in your body and lead to a gout attack. Such medicines include aspirin and some types of diuretics . Tell your health care professional all of the medicines you take, and always talk with him or her before you stop taking any medicine.
Certain foods and drinks may also increase the risk of a gout attack:
- Red meats and organ meats
- Seafood
- Foods and drinks that contain high fructose corn syrup
- Alcohol
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Cautions With Other Medicines
Some medicines and allopurinol can interfere with each other and increase the chances of you having side effects.
Tell a doctor or pharmacist if you’re taking any of these medicines before you start taking allopurinol:
- aspirin or medicines used to thin your blood , such as warfarin
- any antibiotics
- medicines used to reduce your immune response
- tablets that make you pee more such as furosemide or ACE inhibitors to treat high blood pressure such as enalapril and ramipril
If you take aluminium hydroxide , leave a 3 hour gap between the aluminium hydroxide and your allopurinol dose.
Avoid Alcohol And Sugary Drinks
The heavy consumption both of alcohol and of sugary drinks â such as sodas and sweetened juices â correlates with an increased risk of developing gout.
Alcohol and sweetened drinks also add unnecessary calories to the diet, potentially causing weight gain and metabolic issues.
2010 analysis of data from female participants in the Nursesâ Health Study found that gout risk decreased as coffee consumption increased.
Women who consumed 1 to 3 cups of coffee per day had a 22% reduction in their risk of gout compared with those who drank no coffee. Women who consumed more than 4 cups of coffee per day had a 57% decrease in their risk of getting this condition.
A handful of studies have also linked coffee consumption to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. A 2014 systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term coffee consumption found that people who consumed 3â5 cups of coffee per day had the lowest risk of cardiovascular disease.
As people with gout have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, drinking coffee may help improve their overall health.
2011 meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials found that vitamin C significantly reduced levels of uric acid in the blood.
Reduced uric acid levels could lower the risk of gout attacks. Research has not conclusively proven that vitamin C treats or prevents gout, however â only that it lowers uric acid levels.
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What Medications Can Cause Gout
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How Is Pseudogout Treated
There is no cure for removing the calcium deposits that cause pseudogout. It is a progressive disorder that can eventually destroy joints. Treatments for acute attacks of pseudogout are similar to those for gout and are aimed at relieving the pain and inflammation and reducing the frequency of attacks.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are effective for treating inflammation and pain from pseudogout.
- For acute attacks in large joints, fluid aspiration alone or with corticosteroids may help.
- Colchicine may be used for acute attacks.
- Magnesium carbonate may help dissolve crystals, but existing hard deposits may remain.
- Surgery may be required for joint replacement.
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What Medications Can Cause A Gout Flare Up: You Have To Know This
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What Medications Can Cause Hair Loss 46 Known Drugs
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